![]() ![]() The Chicago style released the soloist from the constraints of contrapuntal improvisation with other front-line instruments, lending greater freedom in creating melodic lines. ![]() Use of the string bass opened possibilities for 4/4 instead of 2/4 time at faster tempos, which increased rhythmic freedom. By the early 1920s guitars and pianos sometimes substituted for the banjo and a string bass sometimes substituted for the sousaphone. The rhythm section consisted of a sousaphone and drums, and sometimes a banjo. Traditional New Orleans style jazz was based on a two- beat meter and contrapuntal improvisation led by a trumpet or cornet, typically followed by a clarinet and trombone in a call-response pattern. In 1925 Armstrong left the Henderson band and would add his innovations to New Orleans style jazz to develop Chicago style jazz, another step towards swing. Duke Ellington credited the Henderson band with being an early influence when he was developing the sound for his own band. During the Henderson band's extended residency at the Roseland Ballroom in New York, it became influential on other big bands. The Henderson band also featured Coleman Hawkins, Benny Carter, and Buster Bailey as soloists, who all were influential in the development of swing era instrumental styles. In 1924 Louis Armstrong joined the Henderson band, lending impetus to an even greater emphasis on soloists. The arrangements also had a smoother rhythmic sense than the ragtime-influenced arrangements that were the more typical "hot" dance music of the day. Starting in 1923, the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra featured innovative arrangements by Don Redman that featured call-response interplay between brass and reed sections, and interludes arranged to back up soloists. 1920s: Roots ĭevelopments in dance orchestra and jazz music during the 1920s both contributed to the development of the 1930s swing style. In the late 1990s and into the 2000s, there was a swing revival, led by Squirrel Nut Zippers, Brian Setzer orchestra and Big Bad Voodoo Daddy. In the late 1980s to early 1990s, new urban-styled swing-beat emerged called new jack swing (New York go-go), created by young producer Teddy Riley. Famous roma guitarist Django Reinhardt created gypsy swing music and composed the gypsy swing standard "Minor Swing". In country music, artists such as Jimmie Rodgers, Moon Mullican, Milton Brown and Bob Wills introduced elements of swing along with blues to create a genre called " western swing". Swing blended with other genres to create new musical styles. During the World War II era Swing began to decline in popularity, and after war, bebop and jump blues gained popularity. Swing has its roots in 1920s dance music ensembles, which began using new styles of written arrangements, incorporating rhythmic innovations pioneered by Louis Armstrong, Coleman Hawkins, Benny Carter and other jazzmen. 9 1990s to present: swing house, electro swing and swing pop.8 1960s–2000: Big Band nostalgia and swing revival.Musicians of the swing era include Duke Ellington, Benny Goodman, Count Basie, Cab Calloway, Jimmy Dorsey, Tommy Dorsey, Woody Herman, Harry James, Lionel Hampton, Glenn Miller, Artie Shaw and Django Reinhardt. The verb "to swing" is also used as a term of praise for playing that has a strong groove or drive. The danceable swing style of big bands and bandleaders such as Benny Goodman was the dominant form of American popular music from 1935 to 1946, known as the swing era. Swing bands usually featured soloists who would improvise on the melody over the arrangement. The name derived from its emphasis of the off-beat, or nominally weaker beat. It became nationally popular from the mid-1930s. Swing music is a style of jazz that developed in the United States during the late 1920s and early 1930s.
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